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A Summary of The FCC’s New Video Description Rules

Posted by Emma on August 31, 2011 at 3:18 pm. Audio Describers, Audio Description, Techy

by Gerald Freda
CaptionMax Chief Operating Officer

On August 24, 2011, the Federal Communications Commission released a Report and Order to adopt rules requiring video description for certain television programming. The Commission had previously adopted rules requiring video description in 2000, but those rules were struck down by a federal court in 2002.

Then, in 2010, Congress enacted the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA) and on October 08, 2010, President Obama signed CVAA giving the FCC the expressed authority to adopt video description rules.

As indicated in the Report and Order adopted on August 24, 2011, the directive reinstates the FCC’s video description rules on October 08, 2011 with modifications required by the CVAA. Based on the R&O here is what I have gleaned from the document.

Who does this effect?

- the top 4 national networks (ABC, CBS, FOX and NBC) located in the top 25 television markets and the top 5 non-broadcast networks (Nickelodeon/Nick At Nite, TBS, TNT, The Disney Channel & USA) must provide 50 hours per calendar quarter of video-described prime time and/or children’s programming

What are the other significant requirements?

- the 50 hours-per-quarter benchmark is defined as programming that is video-described (a.k.a. audio-described) for its original broadcast and one re-air

- broadcasters may count programming even if the program has aired previously but only for the first airing and second re-air

- broadcasters can count programs that they obtain with video description but only for the first and second airings

When do these requirements go into effect?

- full compliance for the top 4 national networks and top 5 non broadcast networks will begin as of July 01, 2012

- no provision was adopted for program selection as that will be up to the broadcaster to select the program

- no quality standards were adopted at this time and may be revisited

- any program aired with video description must always include description if re-aired by the same broadcaster

What are some other requirements?

- breaking news, live programming, and near-live programming are exempt

- a program owner or provider of programming may petition the FCC for an exemption caused by undue burden with economic hardship

- there is no provision for video description to be an included as part of an Internet-streamed program even if the program contained video description during its original broadcast

- mobile broadcast compliance for video description of the same program will be delayed until October 08, 2013

- the top 5 non-broadcast networks, determined by The Nielson Company, will be updated on a three-year interval

(more…)

Fun Foto Friday: The Lifeworks Annual Celebration

Posted by Emma on May 6, 2011 at 8:57 am. Audio Describers, Captioners, Fun Word Friday

Thursday, April 21st, some of our staff attended the Lifeworks 25th Annual Celebration. Lifeworks is a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping people with disabilities live fuller lives that are integrated into the flow of the community experience. They collaborate with employers, volunteers, and government agencies to create expanded opportunities for people with disabilities. All in all, a great organization and we are proud to employ a Lifeworks client!

We’ve gone to the event in years past, but this was extra special because our own Kyle Murray was nominated for the Advocate of the Year award! Besides her regular job with CaptionMax, Kyle also works closely with Mike, our Lifeworks client. She helps him when he has questions, works with him to find solutions, and acts as a liaison between CaptionMax and Lifeworks. We are so proud that she was recognized!

As always, we took some photos at the event. Enjoy, and in true CaptionMax form, we wouldn’t be us without some silliness thrown in.


(Jessica Matelski, Elaine, Emma Kluge, and Jason Voskuil)


(Shawn Schueller, Hayley Matthews-Jones, and Casey Wambsganss)


(Mike Walters and Kyle Murray)


(Casey and Mike)


(Shawn, Hayley, Kyle, Jess, Emma, and Casey)


(Mike and Kyle)

Show Your Spirit!

Posted by Emma on March 30, 2011 at 1:39 pm. Audio Describers, Captioners

by Robin Fogelson

This year, we once again participated in the “Show Your Spirit Day” to raise money for The V Foundation for Cancer Research.  We work with our client ESPN each year to raise money for this excellent charity.

As the pictures below demonstrate, “Show Your Spirit Day” encourages employees to wear team gear as a show of support for our team fight against cancer.  CaptionMax is a team in whatever we do, and this cause is no exception! Of course, even being a team does not mean that the Admin Department is not rife with tension each year during baseball playoffs as Robin, HR/Communication Manager and a die-hard Yankees fan in the Burbank office, works with Shawn, Finance Manager and loyal Twins fan in the Minneapolis office.  Emails may have been exchanged this year in which photos of a broom and the word sweep were bandied about, but I am not at liberty to reveal more.

The V Foundation was founded in 1993 by ESPN and the late Jim Valvano, legendary basketball coach and ESPN commentator, and is an amazing charity.  Since 1993, The Foundation has raised more than $100 million to fund cancer research grants nationwide.  It not only gives 100% of all new proceeds to research, it has received six consecutive top 4-star ratings from Charity Navigator.

We really like knowing that The V Foundation maintains the lowest overhead among cancer research fundraising organizations, so our money goes directly to research. CaptionMax matches staff contributions up to $1,000, so our money goes twice as far.

We had a great day in our sports paraphernalia and enjoyed the chance to give back, too.  For more information on The V Foundation, please visit http://www.jimmyv.org/

15 CaptionMax MPLS employees and the ESPN banner
(Some of our MPLS office.)

A goofy photos of MPLS employees for The V Foundation
(Our MPLS office can’t stay serious for long!)

A photo of some of our Burbank office.
(Some of our Burbank office.)

Peace out from our Burbank office.
(Thanks for supporting The V Foundation!)

Describing ‘Life in a Day’

Posted by Emma on January 27, 2011 at 4:25 pm. Audio Describers, Audio Description, Movies

by Jeremy Fisher

Describing 'Life in a Day'

Have you ever had the privilege of working on something that made you feel like you’d spent your whole professional life preparing for that particular project? If not, I wish it for you. It’s a great feeling, a feeling I had while describing Life In A Day, a behemoth of a film from a describer’s viewpoint.

Stream it with audio description: Stream it live with audio description and captions (by CaptionMax) on Friday, January 27, 2010 at 8:00 Eastern, 7:00 Central at Life In A Day. Only streaming with AD for a limited time!

Life in a Day is a feature-length film encompassing life on planet earth on one day: July 24, 2010. Filmmakers of all sorts submitted over 4,500 hours of footage of their own lives that Director Kevin Macdonald (The Last King of Scotland) and his team cut down to tell a story of our shared human experience.

The footage jumps across the globe from modern cities to developing countries, from the joy of birth to the pain of conflict, from mountaintop vistas to subway platforms. This broad scope and rapid pace presented myriad challenges for a describer: quickly setting new scenes, respecting the flow of the soundtrack and dialogue, and conveying the global feel without making blanket generalizations or race and nationality. And with footage provided from around the globe, it’s full of subtitled speech, a describer’s most troublesome foe! How do we describe the scene and characters and read subtitled dialogue all at the same time? (Yikes!) We tried something new to solve this problem: multiple describers reading as the voice of a single subtitled character in the scene. I think it turned out well and will sound much clearer to the listener than me having a back-and-forth conversation with myself while describing at the same time.

All told, just about every difficult situation a describer could come across presented itself in Life in a Day, but this project is filled with wonderful visuals that I’m thrilled to have been able to verbalize for the blind and low vision audience. In this one project, I got to describe: a giraffe giving birth, a Parkour walker climbing walls and jumping off rooftops, a field of people releasing tissue paper hot air balloons into the sky, a human tower, and more. Check it out while you can. It’s only streaming with AD for a limited amount of time before it moves on to other distribution channels. Catch it while you can!

The Description of ‘Sita Sings the Blues’

Posted by Emma on January 12, 2011 at 10:19 am. Audio Describers, Audio Description, Movies, YouTube

by Jeremy Fisher

Greetings, Description Fans.

We’re just wrapping our audio description for Sita Sings the Blues, a feature-length animated film that retells the ancient Sanskrit Epic, the Ramayana. In editing Annie’s description script, I came away both impressed and reminded of how hard our job is. In the course of writing description for this feature length film, Annie had to master Indian culture, fashion, names; a whole host of animation styles; and more.

I handpicked some of my favorite bits. Check ‘em out. Then watch the described film at our YouTube site and hear for yourself.

“An old bearded Brahma, his four heads revolving on one body, perches on a lotus that’s connected to Vishnu’s navel. Lakshmi massages Vishnu’s feet while he reclines on a five-headed cobra.”

“A palace rises above an ancient Indian city. Inside, Dasharatha holds a crown over Rama, who bows, his hands in prayer. The animation resembles traditional Indian paintings, with characters in profile.”


“High above, one-eyed Rakshasa demons in bird form fly. Pink bat wings propel their purple eel-like bodies. They swoop down and fly in the forest.”

Hanuman, with the body of a man and the face of a monkey, races off, tail flying behind him. He wears a crown and wields a mace. At the seashore, Hanuman grows huge and leaps over the ocean.”


“On a black background, the flickering heart montage pulses inside a woman rendered in simple white lines. The scene alternates between her body frozen in a dance pose, and her lighting a match.”


Sita Sings the Blues is a creative content film. With the blessing of the films producer/director, Nina Paley, we have posted the film, with audio description, captions, and Spanish translation on our YouTube site!

The Reflection List

Posted by Emma on December 8, 2010 at 10:00 am. Audio Describers

by Kate Schlagel

Writing a list on a piece of paper

I think we’ve all been there.  We kiss at midnight, welcome the new year, then sit down to write the list.  The magic list that will keep us focused, slim us down, save us money, or get us more involved in our community.  You know, the New Year’s resolution list.

In the past, I’ve made several attempts at keeping my promises, but few have been successful.  I start out full of energy and motivation, excited about my clean slate and the prospect of creating a better me.  Then February rolls around.  The list sinks lower and lower on the priority list until it completely disappears.  I move on.   I fall back into old habits…at least until January rolls around.

A few years ago, I nixed New Year’s resolutions and started a new list tradition: the reflection list.

At the end of each year, I think about the events that happened, the new things I tried and learned, and the challenges I overcame.  I find this process much more fulfilling.  I start January feeling accomplished and ready to take on new challenges.  The events or discoveries you list don’t have to be monumental, they just have to be things you’re proud of or excited about.

Here’s my 2010 list:

- Visited the Mediterranean
- Tried rock climbing
- Grew my first garden
- Learned how to operate a Mac
- Opened a store on Etsy
- Went back to school

Give it a try!  Post a comment below and share your 2010 reflection list.  What have you done and learned during these past 12 months? Here, I’ll get you started: “Made first reflection list.”

A Typical Day in AD

Posted by Emma on June 16, 2010 at 9:20 am. Audio Describers, Audio Description

by Adam Gregory

Have you heard about audio description? Watched the many videos of describers talking about their craft, but you still don’t really know what goes into the day-in-a-life of an audio describer? Our Adam Gregory is here to tell you all about what’s it’s like to work as a CaptionMax audio describer.

Do you support all our description and our highly trained team? Click here to help us get more funding for description!

7:00am: I arrive at work and check my email.  The night before, Kate edited a script I wrote for a documentary about Alaska’s rail infrastructure.  She recommends changing “sleepers” to “ties” because “ties” is the more common American term.  She’s made a few other minor changes and sent the script to the booth computer for recording later today.

7:10 – 8:00am: I finish up a script for a formulaic show consisting of on location interviews and a host in the studio.  These shows are easy because the content is delivered almost entirely through narration and interviews, rather than visuals.  My descriptions relay any onscreen graphics and the occasional shot of a city skyline or pedestrian-packed street.

8:00 – 9:30am: I edit a children’s show Annie scripted the day before, checking each description for accuracy, timing, and levels.  The writing needs to describe what’s happening on screen clearly and quickly, and because this is a children’s show, the language and sentence structure need to be age appropriate.  The descriptions must fit snugly between the program dialogue and properly fade out the background audio.  Annie has written a great script, so I make a few minor timing tweaks and send it to the booth for recording.

9:30 – 11:30am: I’ve spent the morning guzzling a mix of coffee and water and avoiding food to wake up my voice for recording the Alaska program I scripted the day before.  The show is visuals-heavy, so there are nearly 300 descriptions to record.  Most will be recorded more than once to get the proper emphasis and a clean recording free of spits and clicks and pops and all the other things the microphone picks up in the dead-quiet booth.

11:30 – 1:00pm: I start scripting a new program.  This one is full of fast-paced action and lots of dialogue that I absolutely cannot cover, so I spend a lot of time writing and rewriting and rewriting short descriptions to pack as much detail as possible into spans of 1, 2, or 3 seconds (and some odd frames).

1:00 – 1:30pm: Jeremy finished tech proofing my Alaska voice work, so I’m back in the booth re-recording descriptions he marked as spoken inaccurately, with odd emphasis or weird mouth sounds.

1:30 – 2:00pm: Lunch.  I spend it avoiding TV.  When I eat is often determined by when I’ve completed my voice work for the day.  It’s hard to speak quickly and clearly with residual burrito goo in your mouth.

2:30 – 3:30pm: I continue writing the script I started late morning.  By 3:30, I’m about half way through the 22 minute-long program and have written about 60 descriptions.  Writing a script for a half hour program requires about four hours.  It will take one of my coworkers about an hour and a half to watch the program and proof my writing.  Jeremy will need about 30 minutes to do the voice work, and one of us will spend another 15 minutes to a half hour listening to his recordings and marking any we want re-voiced before we send it to the machine room for encoding.

Switching between tasks and in and out of projects all day makes for a fast 8.5 hours.  I like the constant barrage of random information from the varied programming.  And after nearly four years, I still enjoy the challenge of writing within the confines of what often seem like impossibly small snippets of time.  I find that most days I enjoy the mental strain that comes with the job, and I have no interest in television when I get home, which keeps me off the couch.

Description in 3D!

Posted by Emma on May 19, 2010 at 8:24 am. Audio Describers, Audio Description

by Jeremy Fisher

In a world where droves of people are paying a premium at the movie theater to wear funny looking glasses, the 3-D craze was bound to seep over into the world of television. That’s right; CaptionMax can add 3-D media to its long list of ‘things we’ve made accessible.’ And we’ve got the good folks at NASA to thank. NASA Launchpad, I see you–sorry, Avatar references are soooo last fall.

But back to the task at hand. What the heck do I do with snazzy 3-D video of cool NASA equipment when describing it for the blind and low vision?

Step one, of course, is to put my 3D glasses on and get blown away.

Step two, take a step back. Remember, I’m describing everything, not just what seems like it’s popping off the screen in 3-D.  I’m describing things like the L.E.R., the Lunar Electric Rover—and I quote my description here–“with its rounded, window-lined front cabin resembling a gunner’s turret on the nose of a bomber.”

Step three, pepper in some of those snazzy 3-D effects: “As the vehicle travels, dust and rocks fly up and forward, popping off the screen in 3-D.”

Step four, ask the experts. I smell a focus group session coming on, Consumer Advisory Board!

I’ll post again with input from blind and low vision viewers.

For now, check out Desert Rats in 3D for yourself from the NASA eClips YouTube site. (This video is not posted with our audio description yet.)

An Audio Describer Ventures into Captionland!

Posted by Emma on April 7, 2010 at 8:42 am. Audio Describers, Captioning, Subtitling

by Kate Schlagel

CaptionMax gets busy! Even after putting in hours of overtime, our expert captioners still find themselves up to their ears in work. To help cover the load, audio describers are asked to bring their skills to the world of closed captioning. They always step up to the plate. This is Kate’s story of venturing into Captionland.

With excitement and a little trepidation, I left the AD world of “describe what you see” and set out for Captionland. Though I had done a little transcribing during audio description slumps, I had only a vague idea of what captioning entailed. All I knew was that captioners recorded and timed dialogue. Thoughts filled my head as I began my journey to the unknown. “I don’t know how to time captions!” “What if I can’t understand what is said?” “I don’t remember what a comma splice is!” I was in trouble.

Upon arrival, I soon found that Captionland was not as scary I thought it would be. Captioners are very kind to visitors. They were extremely helpful, understanding, and friendly. Their constructive feedback helped me to understand their complicated world of grammar, punctuation, and timing. During my relatively short visit to Captionland, I learned a lot about life as a captioner and gained a new level of respect for the work they do. Here are just a few things I learned about it.

It’s physical!

I have been working at CaptionMax for four years and have written dozens of college papers, but never have my forearms burned as badly as they did when I was captioning. Even with help from a foot pedal, my wrists and arms screamed for mercy at every long-winded rant or fast-paced exchange they had to record. After years of this work, I imagine captioners must have their shirts tailored and their bracelets resized to accommodate their rockhard forearms and muscular wrists.

They’ve got grammar smarts.

The fact that they have a multipage manual on grammar and punctuation says it all. While in Captionland, I didn’t add a comma or put anything in italics unless I consulted the captioning bible. They know parts of speech that haven’t even been invented yet! My visit almost made me want to revisit my high school grammar classes for a refresher…almost.

Come again?

As mentioned before, I come from a world of “describe what you SEE.” As an audio describer, I’m used to listening closely to dialogue, but captioning took my ear muscles to a whole new level. Between Mark Cooper’s mumbling and Martin Lawrence’s slurred slang, my ears were working overtime. This concluded my long-term suspicion that captioners are superhumans who can decipher any phrase regardless of clarity, speed, volume, or pitch. Not only that, but they’re highly trained specialists who can tap the “time-in” key as soon as their ears pick up a certain syllable.

Superhuman hearers with ear-hand coordination? What more could a company ask for? Since my visit, I have returned to the wonderful world of Audio Description, where I can rest my weary forearms and let my creative juices flow freely. Thank you, captioners, for a great time. Perhaps I’ll visit again sometime. Until then, happy typing!

How “Huge” is Huge…an AD Conundrum

Posted by Emma on March 3, 2010 at 11:20 am. Audio Describers, Audio Description

by Jeremy Fisher

The audio description staff has been busy.  We’ve described a toy chest full of “Backyardigans” episodes.  It’s been fun describing Pablo the Penguin, Tyrone the Moose, Tasha the Hippo, and Austin the Kangaroo as they pretend-play their way across deserts and through museums.

But what to do about Uniqua…the pink…uh… thing.  Thankfully, the Nick, Jr. website helped us out by clarifying that she’s a “creature.”  Creature sounds better than “Uniqua the pink thing”. .

People don’t generally think about what to call all the odd stuff in the world around them or how they’d express it if retelling the story later.  I was listening to the public radio this morning, and the host was on assignment in a “huge” room with murals by Diego Rivera covering every wall.  Describer alert!  How huge is huge?  Is it as big as a football field?  Is it seven stories high, seventy stories?  How impressed should I be?  If you can’t see what’s being referenced, the most concise, vivid description is paramount.  And while I’m on the subject, do all public radio personalities change their names so they sound cool when spoken aloud?

Name the NPR host.

Hey, kids. Draw a line from the picture to the cool NPR host surname it most resembles!